Gukoresha kole / sealant / Bonding umuriro retardants
Ikibanza cyo kubaka:Gushyiramo inzugi z'umuriro, inkuta z'umuriro, n'inkuta z'umuriro
Urwego rw'ikoranabuhanga n'amashanyarazi:Ibibaho bya serivise, ibice by'ikoranabuhanga
Inganda z'imodoka:Intebe, utubati two ku meza, n'ibice by'inzugi
Urwego rw'indege:Ibikoresho by'indege, imiterere y'ibyogajuru
Ibintu byo mu rugo:Ibikoresho byo mu nzu, hasi, amashusho y'urukuta
Kaseti yo kohereza ifata umuriro idashobora gukurura:Ni byiza cyane ku byuma, ifuro na pulasitiki nka polyethylene
Imikorere y'Ibibuza Umuriro
Ibintu bigabanya umuriro bibuza cyangwa bigatinza ikwirakwira ry'umuriro binyuze mu guhagarika ibikorwa bya shimi mu muriro cyangwa mu gukora urwego rwo kurinda ku buso bw'ikintu.
Bishobora kuvangwa n'ibikoresho by'ibanze (inyongeramusaruro z'umuriro) cyangwa bigashyirwa kuri byo hakoreshejwe imiti (inyongeramusaruro z'umuriro). Ibikoresho by'ubutare bw'amabuye y'agaciro akenshi biba inyongeramusaruro mu gihe ibikomoka ku bimera bishobora kuba inyongeramusaruro cyangwa inyongeramusaruro.
Gushushanya Adhesive Idakoresha Umuriro
Umuriro ugira ibyiciro bine:
Gutangiza
Iterambere
Leta Ihamye, na
Kubora
Kugereranya ubushyuhe bwo kwangirika kw'icyuma gisanzwe cya Thermoset Adhesive
Hamwe n'abagerwaho n'inkongi mu byiciro bitandukanye by'umuriro
Buri gace gafite ubushyuhe bujyanye n'uko ibintu byangiritse nkuko bigaragara ku Ishusho. Mu gushushanya kole irinda umuriro, abakora imashini bagomba gushyira imbaraga zabo mu gutanga ubushyuhe ku rwego rukwiye rwo gukoresha:
● Urugero, mu nganda zikora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, kole igomba gukumira ikintu cyose cy’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga gikunda gushya - cyangwa gutangira - iyo hari izamuka ry’ubushyuhe ritewe n’ikosa.
● Ku mabati cyangwa amapaneli yo gufatanya, kole igomba kwirinda gucika mu gihe cyo gukura no guhagarara neza, kabone n'iyo yaba ihuye n'umuriro.
● Bagomba kandi kugabanya imyuka y'uburozi n'umwotsi usohoka. Inyubako zitwara imizigo zishobora guhura n'ibyiciro bine by'inkongi.
Kugabanya igihe cyo gutwika
Kugira ngo hagabanywe igihe cyo gutwika, kimwe cyangwa byinshi mu bikorwa bigira uruhare mu gutwika bigomba gukurwaho na kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:
● Gukuraho lisansi ihindagurika, nko gukonjesha
● Gukora uruzitiro rw'ubushyuhe, nko gutwika, bityo bigakuraho ibikomoka kuri peteroli binyuze mu kugabanya ihererekanya ry'ubushyuhe, cyangwa
● Kuzimya uburyo urukurikirane rw'ibice by'umuriro rukora, nko kongeramo ibikoresho bikwiye byo gutwika ibintu bishya
Inyongeramusaruro zigabanya umuriro zikora ibi mu buryo bwa shimi cyangwa mu buryo bufatika mu gihe cy’ingufu cyangwa mu gihe cy’imyuka zitanga imwe muri izi nshingano zikurikira:
●Abashushanya Char:Ubusanzwe imvange ya fosifore, ikuraho isoko ya karubone igatanga urwego rwo kwirinda ubushyuhe bw'umuriro. Hari uburyo bubiri bwo gukora char:
Guhindura uburyo bwo guhindura imikorere y’ibinyabutabire mu ibora ry’ibintu bibyara karuboni aho kuba CO2 cyangwa CO2.
Ikorwa ry'urwego rw'ubuso bw'ibumba ririnda
●Ibikoresho bikurura ubushyuhe:Ubusanzwe ibyuma bihumura, nka aluminium trihydrate cyangwa magnesium hydroxide, bikuraho ubushyuhe binyuze mu kuva amazi mu nyubako y'ikintu kigabanya umuriro.
●Ibizimya umuriro:Ubusanzwe halogen ishingiye kuri bromine cyangwa chlorine ibangamira ibikorwa by'umuriro.
● Abahuza ibikorwa:Ubusanzwe imvange ya antimoni, yongera imikorere y'umurabyo wo kuzimya umuriro.
Akamaro k'ibibuza umuriro mu kurinda inkongi
Ibintu bigabanya inkongi z'umuriro ni ingenzi mu kurinda inkongi kuko bigabanya gusa ibyago byo gutangira inkongi, ahubwo binagabanya n'ibyago byo gukwirakwira kwayo. Ibi byongera igihe cyo guhunga, bityo bikarinda abantu, imitungo n'ibidukikije.
Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo gushyiraho kole nk'ikintu kigabanya inkongi z'umuriro. Reka dusobanukirwe neza uburyo ibintu bigabanya inkongi z'umuriro bishyirwa mu byiciro.
Igisabwa cyo gukoresha kole zigabanya inkongi kirimo kwiyongera kandi ikoreshwa ryazo rigera ku nganda zitandukanye zirimo indege, ubwubatsi, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'ubwikorezi rusange (cyane cyane gari ya moshi).
1: Rero, kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bifatika ni ukuba udatwika cyangwa udatwika cyangwa se ukarinda umuriro - ukaba urinda umuriro neza.
2: Kole ntigomba gutanga umwotsi mwinshi cyangwa uburozi.
3: Kole igomba kugumana ubuziranenge bwayo mu bushyuhe bwinshi (ifite ubushyuhe bushoboka bwose).
4: Ibikoresho byometseho kole ntibigomba kuba birimo ibintu bihumanya.
Bisa nkaho ari ibintu bigoye cyane gukora kole ishobora guhuza n'ibi bisabwa - kandi muri iki cyiciro, ubushyuhe, ibara, umuvuduko wo kuyitunganya n'uburyo bwo kuyitunganya bukunda, kuziba icyuho, imikorere y'imbaraga, uburyo bwo kuyitunganya, n'uburyo bwo kuyipfunyikamo ntibiratekerezwaho. Ariko abahanga mu by'imiti mu iterambere bafite imbogamizi nziza rero IZANE!
Amabwiriza agenga ibidukikije akunze kuba ajyanye n'inganda n'uturere
Itsinda rinini ry'ibintu bigabanya inkongi byakoreweho ubushakashatsi byagaragaye ko bifite imiterere myiza ku bidukikije no ku buzima. Ibi ni ibi bikurikira:
● Ammonium polyphosphate
● Diethylfosfinate ya aluminiyumu
● Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu
● Hydroxide ya manyeziyumu
● Melamine polyphosphate
● Dihydrooxaphosphaphenanthrene
● Sinki isanzwe
● Hydroxstannate ya zinki
Kudakomeza umuriro
Koleti zishobora gukorwa kugira ngo zihuze n'urugero rw'ubudahangarwa bw'umuriro - dore ibisobanuro birambuye ku byiciro by'ibizamini bya Laboratwari bya Underwriters. Nk'abakora koleti, tubona ubusabe ahanini bwa UL94 V-0 ndetse rimwe na rimwe na HB.
UL94
● HB: gutwika buhoro buhoro ku gipimo cy'ubugari. Igipimo cyo gutwika <76mm/min ku bunini <3mm cyangwa guhagarara gutwika mbere ya 100mm
● V-2: (guhagarara) gushya bihagarara mu masegonda arenga 30 kandi amazi ashobora kuba arimo gushya
● V-1: gutwika (guhagaze) bihagarara mu masegonda ari munsi ya 30, kandi amazi araremerwa (ariko agombantabwogutwika)
● Gutwika V-0 (ihagaze) bihagarara mu masegonda ari munsi ya 10, kandi amazi araremerwa (ariko agombantabwogutwika)
● Gutwika kwa 5VB (ingero ya plaque ihagaze) bihagarara mu masegonda ari munsi ya 60, nta gutonyanga; ingero ishobora kugira umwobo.
● 5VA nkuko byavuzwe haruguru ariko ntibyemewe kugira umwobo.
Ibyiciro bibiri bya nyuma byaba bireba agace gafatanye aho kuba icyitegererezo cy'ubudodo.
Ikizamini cyoroshye cyane kandi ntigisaba ibikoresho bigezweho, dore uburyo bw'ibanze bwo gupima:
Bishobora kugorana cyane gukora iki kizamini kuri kole zimwe na zimwe gusa. Cyane cyane ku kole zitazakira neza hanze y'aho zifungiye. Muri iki gihe, ushobora gupima gusa hagati y'ibintu bifatanye. Ariko, kole ya epoxy na kole ya UV bishobora gukizwa nk'ikizamini gikomeye. Hanyuma, shyira ikizamini mu misaya y'aho icyuma gihagarara. Bika indobo y'umucanga hafi aho, kandi turakugira inama ikomeye yo kubikora munsi y'aho ukuraho cyangwa mu kabati k'umuriro. Ntugashyireho inzogera z'umwotsi! Cyane cyane izijyanye n'ubutabazi bw'ibanze. Fata icyitegererezo ku muriro hanyuma urebe igihe bizatwara kugira ngo umuriro uzime. Reba niba hari amazi arimo gutonyanga munsi (twizere ko ufite isahani ikoreshwa; bitabaye ibyo, murabeho neza).
Abahanga mu by'imiti bahuza ibintu byinshi byongeramo imbaraga kugira ngo bakore kole igabanya umuriro - ndetse rimwe na rimwe no kuzimya umuriro (nubwo iki kintu kitoroshye kugeraho muri iki gihe aho abakora ibicuruzwa byinshi ubu basaba kole zidafite halogen).
Inyongera ku bikoresho bikingira umuriro birimo
● Ibinyabutabire bitanga char bifasha kugabanya ubushyuhe n'umwotsi no kurinda ibiri munsi yabyo gukomeza gushya.
● Ibikoresho bifata ubushyuhe, ibi ni ibintu bisanzwe by'icyuma bifasha kole guha ubushyuhe imiterere myiza (akenshi, kole zigabanya ubushyuhe zitoranywa kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu guhuza ubushyuhe aho bisaba kole nyinshi z'ubushyuhe).
Ni uburinganire bwiza kuko izi nyongeramusaruro zizatera ihungabana ku zindi ngingo zifata nk'imbaraga, rheology, umuvuduko wo gukira, ubworoherane n'ibindi.
Ese hari itandukaniro hagati y'amakori arwanya inkongi n'amakori arwanya inkongi?
Yego! Hariho. Amagambo yombi yavuzweho rumwe muri iyi nkuru, ariko birashoboka ko byaba byiza tuyasobanuye neza.
Kole irinda umuriro
Ibi akenshi biba ari ibintu nk'ibice bifunga ibintu bidafite umwimerere n'ibifunga. Ntibishya kandi bihangana n'ubushyuhe bukabije. Ibikoresho nk'ibi birimo, amatanura, amatanura n'ibindi. Nta cyo bikora kugira ngo bihagarike gushya kw'itsinda. Ariko bikora akazi gakomeye ko gufata ibice byose bishya hamwe.
Kole ifata umuriro
Ibi bifasha kuzimya umuriro no kugabanya ikwirakwira ry'umuriro.
Inganda nyinshi zishaka ubwo bwoko bwa kole
● Ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga– mu gufunga no gufunga ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, gufunga ubushyuhe, imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi n'ibindi. Umuyoboro mugufi w'amashanyarazi ushobora gutwika umuriro byoroshye. Ariko PCB zirimo ibintu bigabanya umuriro – akenshi ni ngombwa ko kole nazo zigira iyo miterere.
● Ubwubatsi– gupfuka no gupfuka hasi (cyane cyane ahantu hahurira abantu benshi) akenshi bigomba kuba bidacanwa kandi bigafatanywa na kole igabanya inkongi.
● Ubwikorezi rusange– amakamyo ya gari ya moshi, imbere muri bisi, tramu nibindi. Gukoresha kole zigabanya umuriro birimo kole zihuza, hasi, n'ibindi bikoresho. Kole ntifasha gusa guhagarika gukwirakwira kw'inkongi. Ariko zitanga ubwiza budasanzwe hatabayeho kole zifata nabi (kandi zidafite isura nziza).
● Indege– nkuko byavuzwe mbere, ibikoresho byo mu nzu biri mu mategeko akaze. Bigomba kuba bidashobora gutwika kandi ntibizuzuze inzu umwotsi w'umukara mu gihe cy'inkongi.
Amabwiriza n'uburyo bwo gupima ku bintu bigabanya umuriro
Amahame ajyanye no gupima inkongi agamije kumenya imikorere y'ibikoresho ku bijyanye n'umuriro, umwotsi n'uburozi (FST). Ibipimo byinshi byakoreshejwe cyane kugira ngo hamenyekane ubushobozi bw'ibikoresho bwo guhangana n'ibi bibazo.
Ibizamini byatoranijwe ku bigabanya umuriro
| Kurwanya gutwika | |
| ASTM D635 | "Igipimo cy'itwikwa rya pulasitiki" |
| ASTM E162 | "Ingufu z'ibikoresho bya pulasitiki" |
| UL 94 | "Ingufu z'ibikoresho bya pulasitiki" |
| ISO 5657 | "Ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi" |
| BS 6853 | "Gukwirakwiza umuriro" |
| KURE 25.853 | "Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'Ubushobozi bwo Kugenda mu Rugo - Imbere mu byumba" |
| NF T 51-071 | "Igipimo cya ogisijeni" |
| NF C 20-455 | "Ikizamini cy'insinga z'umuriro" |
| DIN 53438 | "Gukwirakwiza umuriro" |
| Ubudahangarwa ku bushyuhe bwinshi | |
| BS 476 Igice cya 7 No. | "Ikwirakwira ry'umuriro hejuru y'ubuso - Ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi" |
| DIN 4172 | "Imyitwarire y'inkongi y'umuriro mu bikoresho by'ubwubatsi" |
| ASTM E648 | "Ibipfukisho byo hasi - Ikirahuri gitanga urumuri" |
| Uburozi | |
| SMP 800C | "Gupima uburozi" |
| BS 6853 | "Imyuka yo mu mwotsi" |
| NF X 70-100 | "Gupima uburozi" |
| ATS 1000.01 | "Ubucucike bw'umwotsi" |
| Gukora umwotsi | |
| BS 6401 | "Ubucucike bwihariye bw'umwotsi" |
| BS 6853 | "Imyuka yo mu mwotsi" |
| NES 711 | "Urutonde rw'ibikomoka ku muriro w'umwotsi" |
| ASTM D2843 | “Ubucucike bw'umwotsi buturuka kuri pulasitiki itwikwa” |
| ISO CD5659 | "Ubucucike bwihariye bw'amatwi - Gukora umwotsi" |
| ATS 1000.01 | "Ubucucike bw'umwotsi" |
| DIN 54837 | "Iterambere ry'umwotsi" |
Gupima uburyo bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe
Mu bizamini byinshi bipima ubushobozi bwo kurwanya gushya, kole ikwiriye ni iyo idakomeza gushya mu gihe kinini nyuma yo gukuraho isoko y'umuriro. Muri ibi bizamini, icyitegererezo cy'ikole cyavuwe gishobora gushya hatitawe ku kintu icyo ari cyo cyose gifata (kole igeragezwa nk'ifirime y'ubuntu).
Nubwo ubu buryo budakoresha ukuri gufatika, butanga amakuru y'ingirakamaro ku bijyanye no kudakomera kw'icyuma gifata ubushyuhe mu gihe gishyushye.
Ingero z'imiterere irimo kole n'ifatiro nazo zishobora kugeragezwa. Ibi bisubizo bishobora kugaragaza neza imikorere ya kole mu muriro nyakuri kuko uruhare rwatanzwe n'ifatiro rushobora kuba rwiza cyangwa rubi.
Ikizamini cyo gutwika gihagaze cya UL-94
Itanga isuzuma ry’ibanze ry’uburyo polymer zikoreshwa mu bikoresho by’amashanyarazi, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, ibikoresho byo mu rugo, n’ibindi bikorwa bishobora gushya. Ivuga ku miterere y’ikoreshwa ryabyo nk’iy’umuriro, igipimo cyo gutwika, gukwirakwira kw’inkongi y’umuriro, uruhare rw’ibicanwa, ubukana bw’umuriro, n’ibikomoka ku gutwika.
Gukora no Gushyiraho - Muri iki kizamini, icyitegererezo cya firime cyangwa substrate gitwikiriwe gishyirwa mu mwanya uhagaze mu gipfundikizo kidapfundikirwa. Igishyushya gishyirwa munsi y'icyitegererezo mu gihe cy'amasegonda 10 kandi igihe cyo gushya kiragenwa. Igitonyanga cyose gitwika ipamba yo kubaga gishyizwe munsi y'icyitegererezo cya santimetero 30 munsi y'icyitegererezo kiragaragara.
Ikizamini gifite ibice byinshi:
94 V-0: Nta ngero y'ibipimo ifite umuriro ugurumana mu gihe kirenze amasegonda 10 nyuma yo gushya. Ingero ntizishya kugeza ku gikoresho cyo gufata, ntizitonyanga cyangwa ngo zitwike ipamba, cyangwa ngo zitwike mu gihe cy'amasegonda 30 nyuma yo gukuraho umuriro wo gupima.
94 V-1: Nta ngero igomba gushya mu masegonda arenga 30 nyuma ya buri gushya. Ingero ntizishya kugeza ku gikoresho cyo gufata, ntizitonyanga cyangwa ngo zitwike ipamba, cyangwa ngo zigira urumuri rw'amasegonda arenga 60.
94 V-2: Ibi bikubiyemo ibipimo bimwe na V-1, uretse ko ingero zemerewe gutonyanga no gutwika ipamba iri munsi y'ingero.
Izindi ngamba zo gupima ubushobozi bwo gutwika
Ubundi buryo bwo gupima ubushobozi bwo gutwika bw'ikintu ni ugupima igipimo cya ogisijeni kigabanya ubushyuhe (LOI). LOI ni urugero ruto rwa ogisijeni rugaragazwa nk'ijanisha ry'ingano y'umwuka wa ogisijeni na azote, rushyigikira gutwika kw'ikintu mu buryo bw'umuriro mbere na mbere ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba.
Ubudahangarwa bw'icyuma gifata ubushyuhe bwinshi mu gihe cy'umuriro bugomba kwitabwaho cyane usibye umuriro, umwotsi n'ingaruka z'uburozi. Akenshi icyo gikoresho kizarinda icyo gikoresho gutwika. Ariko, iyo icyo gikoresho gicitse cyangwa kikangirika bitewe n'ubushyuhe bw'umuriro, ingingo ishobora kwangirika bigatuma igice cy'icyuma gitandukana. Ibi bibaye, icyo gikoresho ubwacyo gihita kigaragara hamwe n'igice cy'icyuma cya kabiri. Ubwo buso bushya bushobora kongeramo imbaraga mu muriro.
Icyumba cy’ubucucike bw’umwotsi cya NIST (ASTM D2843, BS 6401) gikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zose mu kugena umwotsi uturuka ku bikoresho bikomeye n’amatsinda ashyizwe mu mwanya uhagaze mu cyumba gifunze. Ubucucike bw’umwotsi bupimwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga.
Iyo kole ishyizwe hagati y’ibintu bibiri, ubushobozi bwo kwirinda umuriro no gutwara ubushyuhe bw’ibintu bigenzura uburyo kole ibora n’isohoka ry’umwotsi.
Mu bizamini by’ubucucike bw’umwotsi, kole zishobora gupimwa zonyine nk’ipfundikizo ryigenga kugira ngo habeho ikibazo gikomeye.
Shaka urwego rukwiye rw'umuriro rudakoresha umuriro
Reba ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibidakoresha umuriro biboneka ku isoko uyu munsi, usesengure amakuru ya tekiniki ya buri gicuruzwa, ubone ubufasha mu bya tekiniki cyangwa usabe ingero.
TF-101, TF-201, TF-AMP
