Isesengura no Gukwirakwiza Flame-Retardant Ifumbire ya PVC

Isesengura no Gukwirakwiza Flame-Retardant Ifumbire ya PVC

Umukiriya akora amahema ya PVC kandi akeneye gukoresha flame-retardant. Inzira iriho igizwe nibice 60 PVC resin, ibice 40 TOTM, ibice 30 aluminium hypophosphite (hamwe na 40% bya fosifore), ibice 10 MCA, ibice 8 bya zinc borate, hamwe na dispersants. Nyamara, imikorere ya flame-retardant irakennye, kandi ikwirakwizwa rya flame retardants naryo ntirihagije. Hasi ni isesengura ryimpamvu hamwe nicyifuzo cyo guhindura formula.

I. Impamvu Zingenzi Zitera Umuriro Utari muto

1. Sisitemu idahwitse ya Flame Retardant Sisitemu hamwe ningaruka zintege nke

• Aluminium hypophosphite ikabije (ibice 30):
  Nubwo aluminium hypophosphite ari fosifore ikora neza ya flame retardant (40% bya fosifore), kwiyongera cyane (> ibice 25) bishobora kuganisha kuri:
• Ubwiyongere bukabije bwimikorere ya sisitemu, bigatuma gutandukana bigorana no gukora ahantu hashyushye byihuta gutwika (“ingaruka ya wick”).
• Kugabanya ubukana bwibintu no kubangamira imiterere ya firime kubera kuzuza birenze urugero.
• Ibirimo byinshi bya MCA (ibice 10):
  MCA (ishingiye kuri azote) isanzwe ikoreshwa nka synergiste. Iyo dosiye irenze ibice 5, ikunda kwimuka hejuru, ikuzuza imikorere ya flame-retardant kandi ishobora kubangamira izindi zidindiza umuriro.
• Kubura ibyingenzi byingenzi:
  Mugihe zinc borate igira ingaruka zo guhagarika umwotsi, kutagira antimoni (urugero, antimoni trioxide) cyangwa okiside yicyuma (urugero, hydroxide ya aluminium) birinda ishyirwaho rya sisitemu yo guhuza "fosifore-azote-antimoni", bikaviramo umuriro udahagije wa gaz-fase.

2. Kudahuza hagati yo gutoranya plastike nintego zo gusubira inyuma

• TOTM (trioctyl trimellitate) ifite ubushobozi buke bwo gucana umuriro:
  TOTM irusha imbaraga kurwanya ubushyuhe ariko ntigikora neza cyane mukutagira umuriro ugereranije na fosifate (urugero, TOTP). Kubireba flame-retardancy progaramu nkamahema yamahema, TOTM ntishobora gutanga amashanyarazi ahagije hamwe nubushobozi bwa ogisijeni-barrière.
• Ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bidahagije (ibice 40 gusa):
  Ubusanzwe PVC isaba ibice 60-75 bya plasitike kugirango plastike yuzuye. Ibikoresho bya pulasitiki nkeya biganisha ku gushonga kwinshi, bikarushaho gukaza umurego ibibazo byo gukwirakwiza flame retardant.

3. Sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza idafite akamaro iganisha ku gukwirakwiza Flame Retardant Ikwirakwizwa

• Ikwirakwizwa ryubu rishobora kuba ubwoko rusange-bwintego (urugero, acide stearic cyangwa ibishashara bya PE), ibyo bikaba bidakora kubintu byinshi biremereye bya flame retardants (aluminium hypophosphite + zinc borate igizwe nibice 48), bitera:
• Agglomeration ya flame retardant uduce, kurema ibibanza byintege nke byaho.
• Gushonga nabi mugihe cyo gutunganya, bikabyara ubushyuhe butera kubora imburagihe.

4. Guhuza nabi hagati ya Flame Retardants na PVC

• Ibikoresho bidakoreshwa nka aluminium hypophosphite na zinc borate bifite itandukaniro rinini rya polarite hamwe na PVC. Hatabayeho guhindura isura (urugero, ibikoresho byo guhuza silane), gutandukanya icyiciro bibaho, kugabanya imikorere ya flame-retardant.

II. Uburyo bwibanze

1. Simbuza Primaire yibanze na TOTP

• Koresha uburyo bwiza bwa flame retardancy (ibirimo fosifore ≈9%) hamwe ningaruka za plastike.

2. Hindura ibipimo bya Flame Retardant na Synergy

• Gumana aluminium hypophosphite nkisoko ya fosifore yibanze ariko igabanye cyane igipimo cyayo kugirango utezimbere kandi ugabanye “ingaruka za wick.”
• Gumana zinc borate nkibyingenzi byingenzi (guteza imbere kwishyuza no guhagarika umwotsi).
• Gumana MCA nkumusemburo wa azote ariko ugabanye dosiye kugirango wirinde kwimuka.
• Menyekanishaultrafine aluminium hydroxide (ATH)nk'ibice byinshi:
• Kubura umuriro:Kwangirika kwa Endothermic (dehydration), gukonjesha, no kugabanya imyuka yaka umuriro.
• Kurwanya umwotsi:Bigabanya cyane kubyara umwotsi.
• Uzuza:Kugabanya ibiciro (ugereranije nabandi barinda flame).
• Gutezimbere no gutemba (urwego ultrafine):Biroroshye gutatanya kuruta ATH isanzwe, kugabanya kwiyongera kwijimye.

3. Ibisubizo bikomeye kubibazo byo gutatanya

• Ongera cyane muburyo bwa plastike:Menya neza ko PVC yuzuye kandi igabanye sisitemu.
• Koresha super-dispersants ikora neza:Byakozwe muburyo bwihariye-buremereye, byoroshye guhunika ifu ya organic organique (aluminium hypophosphite, ATH).
• Hindura uburyo bwo gutunganya (kubanza kuvanga ni ngombwa):Menya neza ko utose kandi ukwirakwiza abirinda umuriro.

4. Menya neza ko Ibikorwa Byibanze Bitunganijwe

• Ongeramo ubushyuhe buhagije hamwe namavuta akwiye.

III. Ivugururwa rya Flame-Retardant PVC

IV. Inyandiko ya formula hamwe ningingo zingenzi

1. TOTP ni ishingiro ryibanze

• Ibice 65-75iremeza:
• Amashanyarazi yuzuye: PVC isaba plastike ihagije kugirango ikorwe neza, ikomeza.
• Kugabanuka kwa Viscosity: Nibyingenzi mugutezimbere ikwirakwizwa ryimitwaro myinshi ya organorganic flame retardants.
• Imbere ya flame retardancy: TOTP ubwayo nigikoresho cyiza cyane cya flame-retardant.

2. Gukoresha Flame Retardant Synergy

• PNB-Al gukorana:Aluminium hypophosphite (P) + MCA (N) itanga ubufatanye bwa PN. Zinc borate (B, Zn) yongerera umuriro no guhagarika umwotsi. Ultrafine ATH (Al) itanga ubukonje bukabije bwa endothermic hamwe no guhagarika umwotsi. TOTP nayo itanga fosifore. Ibi birema ibintu byinshi bigize sisitemu.
• Uruhare rwa ATH:Ibice 25-35 bya ultrafine ATH ni umusanzu munini mu gucana umuriro no guhagarika umwotsi. Kwangirika kwa endothermic kwangiza ubushyuhe, mugihe imyuka y'amazi irekuwe igabanya ogisijeni na gaze yaka umuriro.Ultrafine hamwe nubuvuzi bwa ATH nibyingenzikugabanya ingaruka zijimye no kunoza guhuza PVC.
• Kugabanya aluminium hypophosphite:Yamanutse kuva 30 kugeza 15-20 kugirango yorohereze umutwaro wa sisitemu mugihe ukomeza umusanzu wa fosifore.
• Kugabanya MCA:Yamanutse kuva 10 kugeza 4-6 kugirango wirinde kwimuka.

3. Igisubizo cyo Gutatanya - Ibyingenzi kugirango batsinde

• Ikwirakwizwa ryinshi (ibice 3-4):Ibyingenzi mugukemura imitwaro iremereye (ibice 50-70 byose byuzuye byuzuzanya!), Sisitemu igoye-gutatanya (aluminium hypophosphite + ultrafine ATH + zinc borate).Ikwirakwizwa risanzwe (urugero, calcium stearate, ibishashara bya PE) ntibihagije!Shora imari-super-dispersants kandi ukoreshe amafaranga ahagije.
• Ibirimo bya plastike (ibice 65-75):Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, igabanya ubukonje muri rusange, ikora ibidukikije byiza byo gutatanya.
• Amavuta yo kwisiga (ibice 1-2):Gukomatanya amavuta yimbere / yo hanze atuma imigendekere myiza mugihe cyo kuvanga no gutwikira, birinda gukomera.

4. Gutunganya - Porotokole ikaze mbere yo kuvanga

• Intambwe ya 1 (Kuma-kuvanga ifu ya organic):
• Ongeramo aluminium hypophosphite, ultrafine ATH, zinc borate, MCA, hamwe na super-dispersant zose zivanga umuvuduko mwinshi.
• Kuvanga kuri 80-90 ° C muminota 8-10. Intego: Menya neza ko super-dispersant yuzuye amakoti yose, kumena agglomerates.Igihe n'ubushyuhe birakomeye!
• Intambwe ya 2 (Gushinga buhoro):
• Ongeramo igice kinini cya TOTP (urugero, 70-80%), stabilisateur zose, hamwe namavuta yo kwisiga imbere muruvange kuva kuntambwe ya 1.
• Kuvanga kuri 90-100 ° C muminota 5-7 kugirango ube umwe, utemba flame-retardant slurry. Menya neza ko ifu yatose neza na plasitike.
• Intambwe ya 3 (Ongeramo PVC nibindi bisigaye):
• Ongeramo PVC resin, TOTP isigaye, amavuta yo hanze (na antioxydants / UV stabilisateur, niba wongeyeho muriki cyiciro).
• Kuvanga kuri 100-110 ° C muminota 7-10 kugeza ugeze "ahantu humye" (gutembera ubusa, nta guhubuka).Irinde kuvangavanga kugirango wirinde kwangirika kwa PVC.
• Ubukonje:Kurekura no gukonjesha imvange kuri <50 ° C kugirango wirinde gukomera.

5. Gutunganya

• Koresha ibishishwa byumye bikonje kugirango uhindure cyangwa utwikire.
• Kugenzura ubushyuhe butunganijwe neza (bisabwa ubushyuhe bwo gushonga ≤170–175 ° C) kugirango wirinde kunanirwa kwa stabilisateur cyangwa kubora imburagihe zumuriro (urugero, ATH).

V. Ibisubizo Byateganijwe hamwe no Kwirinda

• Kubura umuriro:Ugereranije na formula yumwimerere (TOTM + aluminium hypophosphite / MCA), iyi formulaire ivuguruye (TOTP + optimizme P / N / B / Al ratios) igomba kunoza cyane gucana umuriro, cyane cyane mubikorwa byo gutwika guhagaritse no guhagarika umwotsi. Ibipimo ngenderwaho nka CPAI-84 kumahema. Ibizamini by'ingenzi: ASTM D6413 (gutwika vertical).
• Gutatanya:Super-dispersant + plasitike ndende + itezimbere mbere yo kuvanga igomba guteza imbere cyane gutatanya, kugabanya agglomeration no kunoza uburinganire.
• Ibikorwa:Amavuta ahagije ya TOTP hamwe namavuta agomba gukora neza, ariko akagenzura ubwiza no gukomera mugihe cyakozwe neza.
• Igiciro:TOTP na super-dispersants birahenze, ariko kugabanya aluminium hypophosphite na MCA byishyura ibiciro bimwe. ATH ugereranije nigiciro gito.

Ibyibutsa by'ingenzi:

• Ibigeragezo bito byambere!Gerageza muri laboratoire hanyuma uhindure ukurikije ibikoresho bifatika (cyane cyane ATH na super-dispersant imikorere) nibikoresho.
• Guhitamo ibikoresho:
• ATH:Ugomba gukoresha ultrafine (D50 ≤2µm), hejuru-yakozwe (urugero, silane) amanota. Baza abatanga ibyifuzo bya PVC.
• Ikwirakwizwa ryinshi:Ugomba gukoresha ubwoko bunoze bwo gukora. Menyesha abatanga ibyerekeranye na porogaramu (PVC, imitwaro myinshi yuzuye inorganic yuzuza, halogen-flame retardancy).
• TOTP:Menya neza ubuziranenge.
• Ikizamini:Kora ibizamini bya flame retardancy ibizamini kugipimo. Suzuma kandi gusaza / kurwanya amazi (ingenzi kumahema yo hanze!). UV stabilisateur na antioxydants ni ngombwa.

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