Gukoresha ibibuza umuriro bishingiye kuri fosifore muri PP

Ibikoresho bigabanya umuriro bishingiye kuri fosifore ni ubwoko bw'ibice bigabanya umuriro bikora neza cyane, byizewe kandi bikoreshwa cyane, byakuruye ibitekerezo bikomeye by'abashakashatsi. Hari byinshi byagezweho mu guhuza no gukoresha ibi bikoresho.

1. Gukoresha ibibuza umuriro bishingiye kuri fosifore muri PP

Imiterere ya polypropylene (PP) igira uruhare runini mu bikorwa byayo mu nganda. Ariko, igipimo cyayo gito cya ogisijeni (LOI) kiri hafi 17.5% gusa, bigatuma ishya cyane kandi ishyuha vuba. Agaciro k'ibikoresho bya PP mu nganda gaterwa n'uburyo bitinda gushya ndetse n'imiterere yabyo. Mu myaka ya vuba aha, microencapsulation no guhindura ubuso byabaye ibintu by'ingenzi mu bikoresho bya PP bitinda gushya.

Urugero rwa 1: Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) yahinduwe hakoreshejwe silane coupling agent (KH-550) kandi umuti wa silicone resin ethanol washyizwe ku bikoresho bya PP. Ubwo igice cy'uburemere cya APP yahinduwe cyageraga kuri 22%, LOI y'ibikoresho yariyongereye igera kuri 30.5%, mu gihe imiterere yabyo yujuje ibisabwa kandi irusha ibikoresho bya PP gukora neza cyane hamwe na APP idahinduwe.

Urugero rwa 2: APP yashyizwe mu gipfunyika kigizwe na melamine (MEL), amavuta ya hydroxyl silicone, na formaldehyde resin binyuze muri polymerization ya in-situ. Hanyuma utwo dupfunyika twa microcapsule twahujwe na pentaerythritol maze dushyirwa ku bikoresho bya PP kugira ngo umuriro udacika. Ibikoresho byagaragaje ubushobozi bwo kudacika umuriro neza, hamwe na LOI ya 32% n'igipimo cyo gutwika gihagaze cya UL94 V-0. Ndetse na nyuma yo kwinjizwa mu mazi ashyushye, ibyo bipfunyika byagumanye ubushobozi bwo kudacika umuriro neza n'ubushobozi bwo gukora.

Urugero rwa 3: APP yahinduwe binyuze mu kuyisiga aluminiyumu hidroksidi (ATH), maze APP yahinduwe ihuzwa na dipentaerythritol ku gipimo cy'uburemere cya 2.5:1 kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu bikoresho bya PP. Igihe igice cy'uburemere cy'ikintu kigabanya ubushyuhe cyari 25%, LOI yageze kuri 31.8%, igipimo cyo kugabanya ubushyuhe cyageze kuri V-0, kandi igipimo cyo kurekura ubushyuhe cyaragabanutse cyane.

2. Gukoresha ibibuza umuriro bishingiye kuri fosifore muri PS

Polystyrene (PS) irashya cyane kandi ikomeza gushya nyuma yo gukuraho isoko y'umuriro. Kugira ngo hakemurwe ibibazo nko kurekura ubushyuhe bwinshi no gukwirakwira vuba kw'umuriro, ibintu bigabanya umuriro bishingiye kuri halogen bidafite fosifore bigira uruhare runini mu kugabanya umuriro wa PS. Uburyo busanzwe bwo kugabanya umuriro bwa PS burimo gusiga irangi, gutera impregnation, koza, no kugabanya umuriro mu cyiciro cya polymerization.

Urugero rwa 1: Kole irinda umuriro irimo fosifore kuri PS ishobora kwaguka yakozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa sol-gel hakoreshejwe N-β-(aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane na aside fosforike. Kole irinda umuriro ya PS yakozwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusiga. Iyo ubushyuhe bwarenze 700°C, kole itera PS yavuwe n'ikole yakoze urwego rwa char rurenga 49%.

Abashakashatsi ku isi yose bashyize ibintu birimo fosifore mu bintu bigabanya umuriro, bigashyirwamo vinyl cyangwa acrylic, hanyuma bigashyirwamo styrene kugira ngo bikore styrene copolymers nshya zirimo fosifore. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ugereranije na PS y’umwimerere, styrene copolymers zirimo fosifore zigaragaza LOI na char residue nziza cyane, bigaragaza ko ubushyuhe buhamye kandi ko umuriro udashira.

Urugero rwa 2: Macromonomer ya phosphate hybrid (VOPP) yashyizwe ku muyoboro mukuru wa PS binyuze muri copolymerization ya graft. Copolymer ya graft yagaragaje ko umuriro udashobora gucika binyuze mu buryo bwa solid-phase. Uko ingano ya VOPP yiyongeraga, LOI yarazamutse, igipimo cyo kurekura ubushyuhe n'irekurwa ry'ubushyuhe bwose byaragabanutse, kandi amazi ashongesha yarashize, bigaragaza ingaruka zikomeye zo kugabanya umuriro.

Byongeye kandi, ibintu bigabanya umuriro bishingiye kuri fosifore bishobora guhuzwa n’ibintu bigabanya umuriro bishingiye kuri grafiti cyangwa azote kugira ngo bikoreshwe mu kugabanya umuriro bishingiye kuri PS. Uburyo bwo gusiga cyangwa koza bushobora kandi gukoreshwa mu gushyira ibintu bigabanya umuriro bishingiye kuri fosifore kuri PS, bigatuma ibintu birushaho kunoza LOI na char residue by’ibikoresho.

3. Gukoresha ibibuza umuriro bishingiye kuri fosifore muri PA

Polyamide (PA) irashya cyane kandi ikora umwotsi mwinshi mu gihe cyo gutwika. Kubera ko PA ikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ibyago byo kwangirika kw'inkongi ni byinshi cyane. Bitewe n'imiterere ya amide mu ruhererekane rwayo rw'ingenzi, PA ishobora gukurwaho umuriro hakoreshejwe uburyo butandukanye, hamwe n'ibintu bigabanya umuriro bikagira ingaruka nziza cyane. Muri PA zigabanya umuriro, umunyu wa alkyl fosfinate ni wo ukoreshwa cyane.

Urugero rwa 1: Isobutylphosphinate ya aluminiyumu (A-MBPa) yongewe kuri matrix ya PA6 kugira ngo hategurwe ibikoresho bivanze. Mu gihe cyo gupima ubushyuhe bw'umuriro, A-MBPa yangiritse mbere ya PA6, ikora urwego rw'ibara ry'umuriro rurerure kandi rudahindagurika rwari rurinze PA6. Ibikoresho byageze kuri LOI ya 26.4% n'igipimo cyo kubushyuhe bw'umuriro cya V-0.

Urugero rwa 2: Mu gihe cyo gukora polymer ya hexamethylenediamine na aside adipic, hongewemo 3% by'umusemburo wa bis (2-carboxyethyl)methylphosphine oxide (CEMPO) kugira ngo hakorwe PA66 irinda umuriro. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko PA66 irinda umuriro yagaragaje ubushobozi bwo kudakoresha umuriro ugereranije na PA66 isanzwe, ifite LOI iri hejuru cyane. Isesengura ry'urwego rwa char ryagaragaje ko ubuso bunini bwa char bwa PA66 irinda umuriro bwari bufite imyenge y'ingano zitandukanye, byafashije mu gutandukanya ubushyuhe na gaze, bigaragaza imikorere igaragara yo kudakoresha umuriro.

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