Uburyo bwo gusenya no gukwirakwiza ibintu bigabanya umuriro muri sisitemu ya Polyurethane AB Adhesive

Uburyo bwo gusenya no gukwirakwiza ibintu bigabanya umuriro muri sisitemu ya Polyurethane AB Adhesive

Kugira ngo habeho gushonga/gukwirakwiza ibintu bigabanya umuriro nk'aluminiya hipofosfite (AHP), aluminium hydroxide (ATH), zinc borate, na melamine cyanurate (MCA) muri sisitemu ya polyurethane AB, intambwe z'ingenzi zirimo kuvura mbere y'uko bitangira, gukwirakwiza buhoro buhoro, no kugenzura ubushuhe cyane. Hasi hari inzira irambuye (ku bijyanye n'imashini zigabanya umuriro cyane; izindi mashini zishobora guhindurwa hakurikijwe ibyo).

I. Amahame y'ingenzi

1. "Gushonga" mu by'ukuri ni ugutatana: Ibintu bikomeye bigabanya umuriro bigomba gutatana mu buryo bumwe muri polyol (A-component) kugira ngo bibe suspension ihamye.
2. Kuvura mbere y'uko habaho imiti igabanya ubushuhe: Gukemura ibibazo byo kwinjiza ubushuhe, guterana kw'amazi, no gukora ibintu bishya hakoreshejwe isocyanates.
3. Kongeramo intambwe ku yindi: Ongeraho ibikoresho ukurikije ubucucike n'ingano y'uduce kugira ngo wirinde ko ibintu biba byinshi.
4. Kugenzura cyane ubushuhe: Amazi akoresha isocyanate (-NCO) iri mu gice cya B, bigatuma idakira neza.

II. Uburyo burambuye bwo gukora (Hashingiwe ku bice 100 bya polyol mu gice cya A)

Intambwe ya 1: Gutanga imiti igabanya umuriro mbere yo kuyivura (amasaha 24 mbere y'uko uyivura)

• Hypophosphite ya aluminiyumu (AHP, ibice 10):
  • Igipfundikizo cyo hejuru gikoresheje silane coupling agent (KH-550) cyangwa titanate coupling agent (NDZ-201):
    • Vanga ibice 0.5 by'umuti uhuza ibintu hamwe n'ibice 2 bya ethanol idakoresha amazi, ubyuke iminota 10 kugira ngo bihiye.
    • Shyiramo ifu ya AHP hanyuma uvange ku muvuduko mwinshi (1000 rpm) mu minota 20.
    • Kumisha mu ifuru kuri dogere selisiyusi 80 mu gihe cy'amasaha 2, hanyuma ubibike bifunze neza.
• Aluminium Hydroxide (ATH, ibice 25):
  • Koresha ATH ifite ingano ya submicron, yahinduwe na silane (urugero, Wandu WD-WF-20). Niba idahinduwe, fata kimwe na AHP.
• MCA (ibice 6) na Zinc Borate (ibice 4):
  • Kumisha kuri 60°C mu gihe cy'amasaha 4 kugira ngo ukureho ubushuhe, hanyuma uyungurure unyuze mu icupa rya mesh 300.

Intambwe ya 2: Uburyo bwo gutatanya ibice bya A (Polyol ku ruhande)

1. Kuvanga ibanze:
   • Shyiramo ibice 100 bya polyol (urugero, polyether polyol PPG) mu gikoresho cyumye.
   • Ongeraho ibice 0.3 bya polyether-modified polysiloxane leveling agent (urugero, BYK-333).
2. Mbere yo gukwirakwiza mu buryo bwihuse:
   • Ongeraho ibintu bigabanya umuriro mu buryo bukurikira: ATH (ibice 25) → AHP (ibice 10) → zinc borate (ibice 4) → MCA (ibice 6).
   • Kangura kuri 300-500 rpm mu gihe cy'iminota 10 kugeza igihe nta fu yumye isigaye.
3. Gukwirakwiza cyane:
   • Hindura ukoreshe imashini igabanya umuvuduko mwinshi (≥1500 rpm) mu gihe cy'iminota 30.
   • Ubushyuhe bwo kugenzura ≤50°C (kugira ngo hirindwe oxidation ya polyol).
4. Gusya no Gutunganya (Ni ngombwa cyane!):
   • Hindura uruganda rw'umucanga rufite imigozi itatu cyangwa agaseke inshuro 2-3 kugeza rubaye ruto ≤30μm (rwapimwe hifashishijwe Hegman gauge).
5. Guhindura ubukana no guhindura isura y'umubiri:
   • Ongeraho ibice 0.5 bya silica ifumye mu mazi (Aerosil R202) kugira ngo idapfa guhagarara.
   • Ongeraho ibice 0.2 bya silicone defoamer (urugero, Tego Airex 900).
   • Kangura kuri 200 rpm mu gihe cy'iminota 15 kugira ngo uvane imyuka.

Intambwe ya 3: Uburyo bwo kuvura ibice bya B (Urubavu rwa Isocyanate)

• Shyiramo ibice 4-6 by'urusenda rwa molekile (urugero, Zeochem 3A) ku gice cya B (urugero, MDI prepolymer) kugira ngo amazi ajye mu buryo bufata.
• Niba ukoresha ibintu bigabanya ubushyuhe bya fosifore (uburyo bworoshye bwo kubyimbirwa), shyira mu gice cya B hanyuma uvange iminota 10.

Intambwe ya 4: Guvanga no Gutunganya Ibice bya AB

• Igipimo cyo kuvanga: Kurikiza imiterere y’umwimerere ya kole ya AB (urugero, A:B = 100:50).
• Uburyo bwo kuvanga:
  • Koresha imashini ivanga imibumbe ifite ibice bibiri cyangwa umuyoboro uvanga imibumbe idahinduka.
  • Vanga iminota 2-3 kugeza bihuye (nta gufunganya).
• Ibijyanye no gukira:
  • Ubushyuhe bwo mu cyumba: amasaha 24 (bwongereweho 30% bitewe n'ubushyuhe butinda gukurura umuriro).
  • Gukira vuba: 60°C / amasaha 2 (reba ibisubizo bidafite ibibyimba).

III. Ingingo z'ingenzi zo kugenzura ibikorwa

IV. Uburyo Bundi bwo Gukwirakwiza (Hadakoreshejwe Ibikoresho byo Gusya)

1. Uburyo bwo gutunganya umupira mbere yo kuwusya:
   • Vanga ibigabanya umuriro na polyol ku gipimo cya 1: 1, ukoreshe umupira mu gihe cy'amasaha 4 (udupira twa zirconia, ingano ya mm 2).
2. Uburyo bwa Masterbatch:
   • Tegura masterbatch ya 50% igabanya umuriro (polyol nk'umuyoboro), hanyuma uyivange mbere yo kuyikoresha.
3. Gukwirakwiza hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya Ultrasonic:
   • Shyira ultrasonication (20kHz, 500W, iminota 10) ku gishishwa cyavanzwe mbere (bikwiriye ku matsinda mato).

V. Ibyifuzo byo gushyira mu bikorwa

1. Isuzuma rito mbere na mbere: Isuzuma ukoresheje garama 100 z'igice cya A, wibanda ku guhindagurika kwa viscosity (impinduka z'amasaha 24 <10%) n'umuvuduko wo gushya.
2. Itegeko ry'urukurikirane rw'inyongera ku buryo butiza umuriro:
   • “Bya mbere biremereye, byoroshye nyuma; byiza mbere, byoroshye nyuma” → ATH (biremereye) → AHP (bito) → zinc borate (yo hagati) → MCA (yoroshye/ikomeye).
3. Gukemura ibibazo byihutirwa:
   • Kwiyongera gutunguranye kwa viscosity: Ongeraho 0.5% ya propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PMA) kugira ngo uvange.
   • Kutavura neza: Ongeraho 5% bya MDI yahinduwe (urugero, Wanhua PM-200) ku gice cya B.