Amakuru

Igitekerezo cy'Isuzuma ry'Umuriro ridakomeza

Isuzuma ry’ibipimo bigabanya umuriro ni uburyo bukoreshwa mu gusuzuma ubushobozi bw’ibikoresho mu kurwanya gukwirakwira kw’umuriro. Amabwiriza asanzwe arimo UL94, IEC 60695-11-10, na GB/T 5169.16. Muri UL94 isanzwe,Ikizamini cyo kumenya niba ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bishobora gushya ku bice by'ibikoresho n'ibikoresho, amanota agabanya umuriro ashyirwa mu byiciro 12 hashingiwe ku buryo ikizamini gishyirwa mu bikorwa: HB, V-2, V-1, V-0, 5VA, 5VB, VTM-0, VTM-1, VTM-2, HBF, HF1, na HF2.

Muri rusange, amanota akoreshwa cyane yo gupima umuriro ari hagati ya V-0 na V-2, naho V-0 ikaba igaragaza imikorere myiza cyane yo gupima umuriro.

1.1 Ibisobanuro by'amanota ane agabanya umuriro

HB (Gutwika mu buryo butambitse):
Igipimo cya HB kigaragaza ko ibikoresho bishya buhoro buhoro ariko ntibizimya ubwabyo. Ni cyo gipimo cyo hasi cyane muri UL94 kandi gikunze gukoreshwa iyo uburyo bwo gupima buhagaze (V-0, V-1, cyangwa V-2) budakoreshwa.

V-2 (Gutwika mu buryo buhagaze – Icyiciro cya 2):
Isuzuma rya V-2 risobanura ko ibikoresho bikorerwa ibizamini bibiri by'umuriro uhagaze mu masegonda 10. Nyuma yo gukuraho umuriro, igihe cyo gutwika ibikoresho ntikirenza amasegonda 30, kandi bishobora gutwika ipamba iri munsi ya cm 30. Ariko, umuriro ntugomba gukwirakwira hejuru y'umurongo washyizweho ikimenyetso.

V-1 (Gutwika mu buryo buhagaze – Icyiciro cya 1):
Isuzuma rya V-1 risobanura ko ibikoresho bikorerwa ibizamini bibiri by'umuriro uhagaze mu masegonda 10. Nyuma yo gukuraho umuriro, igihe cyo gutwika ibikoresho ntikirenza amasegonda 30, kandi umuriro ntugomba gukwirakwira hejuru y'umurongo washyizweho ikimenyetso cyangwa ngo utwike ipamba iri munsi ya cm 30.

V-0 (Gutwika mu buryo buhagaze – Urwego rwa 0):
Isuzuma rya V-0 bivuze ko ibikoresho bikorerwa ibizamini bibiri by'umuriro uhagaze mu masegonda 10. Nyuma yo gukuraho umuriro, igihe cyo gutwika ibikoresho ntikirenza amasegonda 10, kandi umuriro ntugomba gukwirakwira hejuru y'umurongo washyizweho ikimenyetso cyangwa ngo utwike ipamba iri munsi ya cm 30.

1.2 Intangiriro ku bindi bipimo bigabanya umuriro

5VA na 5VB biri mu cyiciro cy’igerageza ryo gutwika rihagaze hakoreshejwe urumuri rw’igerageza rwa 500W (uburebure bw’urumuri rwa 125mm).

5VA (Ubushyuhe buhagaze – Urwego rwa 5VA):
Igipimo cya 5VA ni icyiciro kiri mu gipimo cya UL94. Bigaragaza ko nyuma yo gukuraho umuriro, igihe cyo gutwika kw'ibikoresho kitarenze amasegonda 60, umuriro ntugomba gukwirakwira hejuru y'umurongo washyizweho ikimenyetso, kandi umuriro uwo ari wo wose utemba ntugomba kurenza amasegonda 60.

5VB (Ubushyuhe Buhagaze – Urwego rwa 5VB):
Igipimo cya 5VB gisa na 5VA, gifite ibipimo bimwe byo gutwika igihe n'ikwirakwira ry'umuriro.

VTM-0, VTM-1, VTM-2 ni ubwoko bw'ibikoresho bito (ubunini < 0.025mm) mu bipimo byo gutwika bihagaze (uburebure bwa mm 20 z'umuriro), bikoreshwa ku mafirime ya pulasitiki.

VTM-0 (Gutwika Agasanduku Gahagaze – Urwego rwa 0):
Igipimo cya VTM-0 bivuze ko nyuma yo gukuraho umuriro, igihe cyo gutwika ibikoresho ntikirenza amasegonda 10, kandi umuriro ntugomba gukwirakwira hejuru y'umurongo washyizweho ikimenyetso.

VTM-1 (Gutwika Agasanduku Gahagaze – Icyiciro cya 1):
Igipimo cya VTM-1 bivuze ko nyuma yo gukuraho umuriro, igihe cyo gutwika ibikoresho ntikirenza amasegonda 30, kandi umuriro ntugomba gukwirakwira hejuru y'umurongo washyizweho ikimenyetso.

VTM-2 (Gutwika Agasanduku Gahagaze – Icyiciro cya 2):
Igipimo cya VTM-2 gifite ibipimo bimwe na VTM-1.

HBF, HF1, HF2 ni ubwoko bw'ibizamini byo gutwika mu buryo butambitse ku bikoresho bifite ifuro (uburebure bw'umuriro bwa mm 38).

HBF (Ibikoresho bitwikwa mu buryo butambitse):
Igipimo cya HBF bivuze ko umuvuduko wo gutwika kw'ibikoresho byafuro utarenga mm 40 ku munota, kandi umuriro ugomba kuzimya mbere yuko ugera ku murongo wa 125mm washyizweho ikimenyetso.

HF-1 (Gutwika mu buryo butambitse – Icyiciro cya 1):
Igipimo cya HF-1 bivuze ko nyuma yo gukuraho umuriro, igihe cyo gutwika ibikoresho ntikirenza amasegonda 5, kandi umuriro ntugomba gukwirakwira hejuru y'umurongo washyizweho ikimenyetso.

HF-2 (Gutwika mu buryo butambitse – Icyiciro cya 2):
Igipimo cya HF-2 bivuze ko nyuma yo gukuraho umuriro, igihe cyo gutwika ibikoresho ntikirenza amasegonda 10, kandi umuriro ntugomba gukwirakwira hejuru y'umurongo washyizweho ikimenyetso.

Intego yo gupima amanota agabanya umuriro

Intego zo gupima amanota agabanya ubushyuhe bw'umuriro zirimo:

2.1 Gusuzuma imikorere y'ibikoresho bitwikwa

Kumenya umuvuduko w'umuriro w'ikintu, ikwirakwira ry'inkongi, n'uburyo umuriro ukwirakwira mu gihe cy'inkongi bifasha gusuzuma umutekano wacyo, uburyo kizigirwamo, n'uburyo gikwiriye gukoreshwa mu kwirinda inkongi.

2.2 Kumenya ubushobozi bwo kwirinda inkongi z'umuriro

Isuzuma rigaragaza ubushobozi bw'ikintu mu gukumira ikwirakwira ry'umuriro iyo gihuye n'isoko y'umuriro, ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi mu gukumira ikwirakwira ry'umuriro no kugabanya ibyangiritse.

2.3 Uburyo bwo Guhitamo no Gukoresha Ibikoresho

Mu kugereranya imiterere y’ibikoresho bitandukanye bigabanya inkongi z’umuriro, ibizamini bifasha mu guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye byo kubaka, gutwara abantu, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, n’ibindi bikoresho kugira ngo hongerwe umutekano w’inkongi.

2.4 Iyubahirizwa ry'amabwiriza n'amahame ngenderwaho

Isuzuma ry’ibidakoresha umuriro rikunze gukorwa hakurikijwe amategeko y’igihugu cyangwa ay’inganda. Rituma ibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa mu mutekano no kubahiriza ibisabwa mu bikorwa byihariye.

Muri make, isuzuma ry’ibipimo by’umuriro ritanga amakuru y’ingenzi yo guhitamo ibikoresho, kunoza umutekano w’inkongi, no kubahiriza amategeko binyuze mu gusuzuma imyitwarire y’umuriro n’uburyo umuriro udashobora gushya.

Amahame ngenderwaho

UL94:Ikizamini cyo kumenya niba ibikoresho bya pulasitiki bishobora gushya ku bice by'ibikoresho n'ibikoresho
IEC 60695-11-10:2013: *Isuzuma ry'Inkongi y'Umuriro – Igice cya 11-10: Uburyo bwo gupima Inkongi y'Umuriro – 50 W Uburyo bwo gupima Inkongi y'Umuriro itambitse n'ihagaze*
GB/T 5169.16-2017: *Isuzuma ry'Inkongi ku Bikoresho by'Amashanyarazi n'Iby'Ikoranabuhanga – Igice cya 16: Igerageza ry'Inkongi – Uburyo bwo Gupima Inkongi y'Umuriro ya 50W Igororotse n'Ihagaze*

Uburyo bwo gupima HB, V-2, V-1, na V-0

4.1 Gutwika mu buryo butambitse (HB)

4.1.1 Ibisabwa mu rugero

Imiterere: Impapuro (zaciwe, zakozwe, zakuwemo, nibindi) zifite impande zoroshye, ubuso busukuye, n'ubucucike bumwe.
Ingano: 125±5mm (uburebure) × 13±0.5mm (ubugari). Ingero z'ubugari buke na 3mm zirakenewe keretse ubugari burenga 3mm. Ubunini ntarengwa ≤13mm, ubugari ≤13.5mm, uruziga rw'imfuruka ≤1.3mm.
Impinduka: Ingero zigaragaza amabara/ubucucike butandukanye.
Ingano: Nibura seti 2, ingero 3 kuri buri seti.

4.1.2 Uburyo bwo gupima

Ibimenyetso: imirongo ya 25±1mm na 100±1mm.
Gufunga: Fata hafi y'inkombe ya mm 100, uburebure butambitse, ubugari bwa 45°±2°, n'insinga ifite umuyoboro wa mm 100±1 munsi.
Urumuri: Urujya n'uruza rwa methane 105ml/min, igitutu cy'umugongo 10mm amazi inkingi, uburebure bw'urumuri 20±1mm.
Gutwika: Shyira umuriro kuri dogere 45 kuri dogere 30±1 cyangwa kugeza igihe umuriro ugeze kuri 25mm.
Igihe: Kwandika igihe n'uburebure bwahiye (L) kuva kuri mm 25 kugeza 100.
Kubara: Umuvuduko wo gutwika (V) = 60L/t (mm/min).

4.1.3 Inyandiko z'ibizamini

Niba umuriro ugera kuri 25±1mm cyangwa 100±1mm.
Uburebure bwahiye (L) n'igihe (t) hagati ya mm 25 na mm 100.
Iyo umuriro urenze 100mm, andika igihe kuva kuri 25mm kugeza 100mm.
Umuvuduko wo gutwika wabazwe.

4.1.4 Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'isuzuma rya HB

Ku bugari bwa mm 3–13: Umuvuduko wo gutwika ≤40mm/min hejuru ya mm 75.
Ku bunini bwa <3mm: Umuvuduko wo gutwika ≤75mm/min hejuru ya 75mm.
Umuriro ugomba guhagarara mbere ya mm 100.

4.2 Gutwika mu buryo buhagaze (V-2, V-1, V-0)

4.2.1 Ibisabwa mu rugero

Imiterere: Impapuro zifite impande zoroshye, ubuso busukuye, n'ubucucike bumwe.
Ingano: 125±5mm × 13.0±0.5mm. Tanga ingero z'ubugari bwa minini/ntarengwa; niba ibisubizo bitandukanye, ingero zo hagati (≤3.2mm) zirakenewe.
Impinduka: Ingero zigaragaza amabara/ubucucike butandukanye.
Ingano: Nibura seti 2, ingero 5 kuri buri seti.

4.2.2 Ingero zo Gutunganya Imiterere

Ibisanzwe: 23±2°C, 50±5% RH mu gihe cy'amasaha 48; gerageza mu minota 30 nyuma yo gukuramo.
Ifuru: 70±1°C mu masaha ari munsi ya ≥168, hanyuma ikonjeshe muri desickateur mu masaha ari munsi ya ≥4; gerageza mu minota 30.

4.2.3 Uburyo bwo gupima

Gufunga: Fata hejuru ya mm 6, icyerekezo gihagaze, hasi 300±10mm hejuru y'ipamba (0.08g, 50×50mm, ≤6mm y'ubugari).
Urumuri: Urujya n'uruza rwa methane 105ml/min, igitutu cy'umugongo 10mm amazi inkingi, uburebure bw'urumuri 20±1mm.
Gucana: Shyira umuriro ku nkengero zo hasi z'icyitegererezo (intera ya 10±1mm) mu gihe cy'amasegonda 10±0.5. Hindura niba icyitegererezo cyahindutse.
Igihe cyo gusohora: Andika inyuma y'umuriro (t1) nyuma yo gushya bwa mbere, ongera ushyireho umuriro mu gihe cy'amasegonda 10±0.5, hanyuma wandike inyuma y'umuriro (t2) n'inyuma y'umuriro (t3).
Icyitonderwa: Niba habayeho gutonyanga, hindura icyuma gishyushya kuri dogere 45. Ntukite ku ngero z'umuriro niba umuriro uzimye bitewe n'imyuka iva mu kirere.