Ikibaho cya polystyrene cyometseho (XPS) ni ibikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mu gukingira inyubako, kandi imiterere yacyo yo gukingira inkongi ni ingenzi cyane mu mutekano w'inyubako. Imiterere y'ibikoresho byo gukingira inkongi kuri XPS isaba gusuzuma neza imikorere y'ibikoresho byo gukingira inkongi, imikorere yo kubitunganya, ikiguzi, n'ibisabwa mu bidukikije. Hasi hari igishushanyo kirambuye n'ibisobanuro by'ibikoresho byo gukingira inkongi kuri XPS, bikubiyemo ibisubizo byo gukingira inkongi bya halogen na halogen.
1. Amahame ngenderwaho yo gushushanya XPS Flame Retardant Formulations
Igice cy'ingenzi cya XPS ni polystyrene (PS), kandi guhindura kwayo igabanya umuriro bigerwaho cyane cyane no kongeramo igabanya umuriro. Imiterere y'imvange igomba kubahiriza amahame akurikira:
- Kudashira kw'umuriro cyane: Uzuza ibipimo ngenderwaho by’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi bigabanya umuriro (urugero, GB 8624-2012).
- Imikorere yo gutunganya: Imashini igabanya umuriro ntigomba kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku ifuro no kubumba rya XPS.
- Kubungabunga ibidukikije: Ibintu bigabanya umuriro bitagira halogen bigomba gushyirwa imbere kugira ngo bikurikize amabwiriza agenga ibidukikije.
- Kugenzura ikiguzi: Gabanya ikiguzi mu gihe wujuje ibisabwa mu mikorere.
2. Uburyo bwo gukora XPS bwo gupima umuriro utagira umuriro ukabije (Halogenated Flame Retardant)
Ibikoresho bigabanya umuriro bya Halogenated Fire Retractors (urugero: Brominated) bihagarika uburyo umuriro ukoreshwa mu gutwika binyuze mu kurekura halogen radicals, bitanga ubushobozi bwo kugabanya umuriro ariko bigatera ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije no ku buzima.
(1) Imiterere y'ibinyabutabire:
- Polystyrene (PS): 100phr (resin y'ibanze)
- Umuriro ugabanya ubushyuhe: 10–20phr (urugero, hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) cyangwa polystyrene ya brominated)
- Antimoni trioxyde (synergist): 3–5phr (yongerera imbaraga zo gukumira umuriro)
- Umuti utera ifuro: 5–10phr (urugero, dioxyde de carbone cyangwa butane)
- Imashini itatanya: 1–2phr (urugero: ishashi ya polyethylene, igabanya ikwirakwira ry'ikintu kidakoresha umuriro)
- Amavuta yo kwisiga: 1–2phr (urugero: calcium stearate, yongera uburyo bwo gutunganya amazi)
- Antioxydants: Igice cya 0.5–1 (urugero, 1010 cyangwa 168, bikumira kwangirika mu gihe cyo gutunganya)
(2) Uburyo bwo gutunganya:
- Premix PS resin, irinda umuriro, ihuza ibintu, igabanya ubushyuhe, amavuta, na antioxydant kimwe.
- Shyiramo ikintu gitanga ifuro hanyuma uvange imvange mu cyuma gisohora amazi.
- Genzura ubushyuhe bwo gusohora amazi kuri 180–220°C kugira ngo urebe neza ko ifuro rifunze neza kandi rigatunganywa neza.
(3) Ibiranga:
- Ibyiza: Ingufu nyinshi zigabanya umuriro, ingano nto y'inyongera, n'igiciro gito.
- Imbogamizi: Bishobora gukora imyuka y'uburozi (urugero, hydrogen bromide) mu gihe cyo gutwika, bigatera ibibazo ku bidukikije.
3. Uburyo bwo gukora XPS idafite umuriro wa Halogen
Ibintu bigabanya umuriro bidafite halogen (urugero: fosifore, azote, cyangwa hydroxides inorganic) bigabanya umuriro binyuze mu kwinjiza ubushyuhe cyangwa gukora ibice birinda ibidukikije, bigatanga imikorere myiza mu bidukikije.
(1) Imiterere y'ibinyabutabire:
- Polystyrene (PS): 100phr (resin y'ibanze)
- Umuriro urinda umuriro ushingiye kuri fosifore: 10–15phr (urugero,ammonium polyphosphate (APP)cyangwa fosifore itukura)
- Indabyo zirinda umuriro zishingiye kuri azote: 5–10phr (urugero, melamine cyanurate (MCA))
- Hydroxide idakomoka ku bimera: 20–30phr (urugero, hydroxide ya manyeziyumu cyangwa hydroxide ya aluminiyumu)
- Umuti utera ifuro: 5–10phr (urugero, dioxyde de carbone cyangwa butane)
- Imashini itatanya: 1–2phr (urugero: ishashi ya polyethylene, irushaho gukwirakwira)
- Amavuta yo kwisiga: 1–2phr (urugero, zinc stearate, yongera uburyo bwo gutunganya)
- Antioxydants: Igice cya 0.5–1 (urugero, 1010 cyangwa 168, bikumira kwangirika mu gihe cyo gutunganya)
(2) Uburyo bwo gutunganya:
- Premix PS resin, irinda umuriro, igabanya ubushyuhe, amavuta yo kwisiga, na antioxydant kimwe kimwe.
- Shyiramo ikintu gitanga ifuro hanyuma uvange imvange mu cyuma gisohora amazi.
- Genzura ubushyuhe bwo gusohora amazi kuri 180–210°C kugira ngo urebe neza ko ifuro rifunze neza kandi rigatunganywa neza.
(3) Ibiranga:
- Ibyiza: Birinda ibidukikije, nta myuka y'uburozi ikorwa mu gihe cyo gutwika, byubahiriza amabwiriza agenga ibidukikije.
- Imbogamizi: Kudakora neza kw'ibicanwa bigabanya umuriro, ingano nyinshi y'inyongera, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku miterere y'imashini n'imikorere y'ifuro.
4. Ibigomba kwitabwaho mu gushushanya imiterere y'ibikoresho
(1) Guhitamo ibidakoresha umuriro
- Ibikoresho bigabanya umuriro bya Halogenated: Ikoranabuhanga rikomeye ariko riteza ingaruka ku bidukikije no ku buzima.
- Ibintu bigabanya umuriro bidafite halogen: Bifite ubuzima bwiza ku bidukikije ariko bisaba ingano nyinshi y'inyongera.
(2) Gukoresha Abahuza (Synergist)
- Antimoni trioxyde: Ikorana neza n'ibikoresho bigabanya umuriro bya halogenated kugira ngo byongere cyane uburyo umuriro ugabanya umuriro.
- Guhuza fosifore na azote: Mu buryo budafite halogen, ibintu bigabanya umuriro bishingiye kuri fosifore n'azote bishobora gukorana kugira ngo binoze imikorere.
(3) Gukwirakwiza no gutunganya ibintu
- Ibikoresho byo gutatanya ibintu: Kugenzura ko ibintu bigabanya umuriro bikwirakwira mu buryo bumwe kugira ngo hirindwe ko ahantu hashyirwa umuriro mwinshi.
- Amavuta yo kwisiga: Kunoza uburyo bwo gutunganya ibikoresho no kugabanya ubusaza bw'ibikoresho.
(4) Guhitamo ibikoresho bitanga ifuro
- Ibintu bitera ifuro ku mubiri: Nk'ingufu za CO₂ cyangwa butane, zirinda ibidukikije kandi zifite ingaruka nziza zo gusohora ifuro.
- Ibikoresho bitanga ifuro ry'imiti: Nka azodicarbonamide (AC), ikora neza cyane ariko ishobora gutanga imyuka mibi.
(5) Antioxydants
Kurinda kwangirika kw'ibikoresho mu gihe cyo gutunganya no kongera ubusugire bw'ibicuruzwa.
5. Porogaramu zisanzwe
- Ubwugarizi bw'inyubako: Ikoreshwa mu nkuta, ku bisenge, no mu bikoresho byo gukingira hasi.
- Ibikoresho byo mu muyoboro w'ubukonje: Ingufu zo kubika ibintu mu buryo bukonje n'izikonjesha.
- Izindi nganda: Ibikoresho byo gushushanya, ibikoresho bikingira urusaku, nibindi.
6. Inama zo kunoza uburyo bwo gukora isesengura ry'imiterere y'amakuru
(1) Kunoza Imikorere Idakoresha Umuriro
- Ibintu bigabanya umuriro bivanze: Nk'ubufatanye bwa halogen-antimoni cyangwa fosifore-azote kugira ngo byongere ubukana bw'umuriro.
- Ibintu bigabanya umuriro wa nano: Nk'ibumba rya nano magnesium hydroxide cyangwa ibumba rya nano, binongera imikorere mu gihe bigabanya ingano y'inyongera.
(2) Kongera Imiterere ya Mekanike
- Ibintu bikomeza imbaraga: Nka POE cyangwa EPDM, kunoza ubukomere bw'ibikoresho no kudahura n'ingaruka.
- Gukomeza ibikoresho byuzuza: Nk'imigozi y'ikirahure, yongera imbaraga n'ubudahangarwa.
(3) Kugabanya Ikiguzi
- Kongera ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ibipimo bigabanya umuriro: Gabanya ikoreshwa mu gihe wujuje ibisabwa ku bigabanya umuriro.
- Hitamo ibikoresho bihendutse: Nk'ibintu bigabanya umuriro mu rugo cyangwa ibivanze.
7. Ibisabwa ku bidukikije n'amategeko agenga ibidukikije
- Ibikoresho bigabanya umuriro bya Halogenated: Bibujijwe n'amategeko nka RoHS na REACH; koresha witonze.
- Ibintu bigabanya umuriro bidafite halogen: Kuzuza amabwiriza agenga ibidukikije no kugaragaza ibizaba mu gihe kizaza.
Incamake
Imiterere y'ibikoresho bigabanya umuriro muri XPS igomba gushingira ku buryo bwihariye bwo kuyikoresha n'ibisabwa n'amategeko, hagatoranywamo ibikoresho bigabanya umuriro bya halogen cyangwa halogen. Ibikoresho bigabanya umuriro bya halogen bitanga umusaruro mwinshi ariko bitera impungenge ku bidukikije, mu gihe ibikoresho bigabanya umuriro bya halogen bigabanya ibidukikije ariko bisaba ingano nyinshi y'inyongera. Mu kunoza imiterere n'imikorere, XPS ikora neza, irinda ibidukikije, kandi ihendutse kandi igabanya umuriro ishobora gukorwa kugira ngo ihuze n'ibikenewe mu nyubako no mu bindi bikorwa.
More info., pls contact lucy@taifeng-fr.com
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-23-2025
