Ifu ya Polyurethane AB ikoze mu buryo buzimya umuriro

Ifu ya Polyurethane AB ikoze mu buryo buzimya umuriro
Hashingiwe ku ikenerwa ry'imvange itagira umuriro ya halogen kuri kole ya polyurethane AB, hamwe n'imiterere n'ingaruka zihuriweho z'imvange itagira umuriro nka aluminium hypophosphite (AHP), aluminium hydroxide (ATH), zinc borate, na melamine cyanurate (MCA), hakozwe gahunda eshatu zikurikira zo guhuza. Izi mvange ntizifite chlorine kandi zibanda ku kunoza imikorere myiza y'imvange itagira umuriro, guhuza imikorere n'imikorere, no gukora neza:

1. Uburyo bwo gufunga umuriro cyane (Ku bijyanye no gufunga hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, gufunga bateri, UL94 V-0)

Uruvange rw'ibidakomeza umuriro:

• Aluminium hypophosphite (AHP): 8-12 phr (ubwoko bwa polyurethane ikoreshwa mu mazi busabwa gukemura ibibazo by'imvura)
• Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu (ATH): 20-25 phr (urwego rwa submicron, 0.2-1.0 μm, kugira ngo yongere imiterere ya ogisijeni n'ubucucike bw'ibara)
• MCA: 5-8 phr (uburyo bwo gukora gaze, buhuza na AHP mu cyiciro cyoroshye)
• Zinc borate: 3-5 phr (ituma habaho ikorwa rya ceramic char kandi ikabuza umwotsi gushyuha)

Imikorere iteganijwe:

• Igipimo cya ogisijeni (LOI): ≥32% (PU y'umwimerere ≈22%);
• Igipimo cya UL94: V-0 (ubugari bwa mm 1.6);
• Ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe: 0.45-0.55 W/m·K (buterwa na ATH na zinc borate);
• Kugenzura ubukana: 25.000-30.000 cP (gutunganya ubuso birakenewe kugira ngo hirindwe ko amazi ahinduka).

Inzira y'ingenzi:

• AHP igomba gukwirakwizwa mbere mu gice cya polyol (Igice cya A) kugira ngo hirindwe ingaruka z’imbeho hamwe na isocyanate (Igice cya B);
• ATH igomba guhindurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo guhuza bwa silane (urugero, KH-550) kugira ngo yongere ubufatanye hagati y’urusobe rw’amabara.

2. Uburyo rusange buhendutse bwo gufunga, guhuza ibikoresho, UL94 V-1 igamije

Uruvange rw'ibidakomeza umuriro:

• Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu (ATH): 30-40 phr (isanzwe ya mikoroni, ihendutse, igabanya umuriro mu buryo bw'ukuzuza);
• Ammonium polyphosphate (APP): 10-15 phr (ihujwe na MCA kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu gutera, igasimbura ibikoresho bya halogenated);
• MCA: 5-7 phr (ikigereranyo kuri APP 1:2~1:3, gitera ifuro no kwitandukanya kwa ogisijeni);
• Zinc borate: 5 phr (guhagarika umwotsi, imiterere y'inyongera y'ivumbi).

Imikorere iteganijwe:

• UMUBARE: ≥28%;
• Igipimo cya UL94: V-1;
• Kugabanya ikiguzi: ~ 30% (ugereranije n'uburyo bwo gupima ubushyuhe bwinshi);
• Kugumana imbaraga zo gukurura: ≥80% (APP isaba gufunga kugira ngo hirindwe ko amazi arenga umugozi).

Inzira y'ingenzi:

• APP igomba kuba ifunze neza (urugero, hamwe na resin ya melamine-formaldehyde) kugira ngo hirindwe ko ubushuhe bushobora kwinjiza no gukora utubumbe;
• Ongeraho 1-2 phr hydrophobic fumed silica (urugero, Aerosil R202) kugira ngo irinde gutuza.

3. Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo bworoshye (Kugira ngo ikoranabuhanga rirusheho gukora neza, bisaba ubushobozi bwo kugenda neza)

Uruvange rw'ibidakomeza umuriro:

• Hypophosphite ya aluminiyumu (AHP): 5-8 phr (ifite ubunini bwa nanosized, D50 ≤1 μm);
• Umuriro wa fosifore y’umwimerere ugabanya ubushyuhe bw’amazi (BDP): 8-10 phr (urugero: DMMP ikomoka kuri fosifore idafite halogen, ikomeza ubushyuhe);
• Hydroxide ya aluminiyumu (ATH): 15 phr (ifite alumina ikoze mu buryo bw'umubumbe, ihuza imikorere y'ubushyuhe);
• MCA: Ibice 3-5.

Imikorere iteganijwe:

• Ingano y'ubushyuhe: 10.000-15.000 cP (hafi ya sisitemu zigabanya umuriro z'amazi);
• Kudakomeza gutwika: UL94 V-0 (yongereweho fosifore y'amazi);
• Ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe: ≥0.6 W/m·K (buterwa na alumina y’umuzenguruko).

Inzira y'ingenzi:

• AHP na alumina y’umubumbe bigomba kuvangwa kandi bigakwirakwizwa munsi y’umuvuduko mwinshi (≥2000 rpm);
• Shyiramo icyuma cya molekile cya phr 4-6 ku gice cya B kugira ngo wirinde ko AHP yinjiza ubushuhe.

4. Guhuza ingingo za tekiniki n'izindi ngamba zo gukemura ibibazo

1. Uburyo bwo guhuza ibikorwa:

• AHP + MCA:AHP itera amazi kubura no gushya, mu gihe MCA isohora umwuka wa azote iyo ishyushye, igakora urwego rw'ingufu rumeze nk'ubuki.
• ATH + Zinc borate:ATH ifata ubushyuhe (1967 J/g), naho zinc borate ikora urwego rw'ikirahure cya borate kugira ngo gitwikire hejuru.

2. Ibintu bigabanya umuriro:

• Ibikomoka kuri polyfosfazene:Ikora neza kandi irinda ibidukikije, hamwe n'ikoreshwa rya HCl ry'ibikomoka ku bimera;
• Resin ya silicone ya epoxy (ESR):Iyo bihujwe na AHP, bigabanya umutwaro wose (18% kuri V-0) kandi bikongera imiterere ya mekanike.

3. Kugenzura Ingaruka z'Imikorere:

• Gutwika:Ibintu birwanya gutuza (urugero, ubwoko bwahinduwe na polyurea) birakenewe niba viscosity iri munsi ya 10.000 cP;
• Kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe:Irinde ibintu bigabanya umuriro wa alkaline cyane (urugero, MCA) kugira ngo wirinde ko habaho ingaruka mbi ku mikorere ya isocyanate.

5. Ibyifuzo byo gushyira mu bikorwa

• Shyira imbere igerageza ry’uburyo bwo gupima ubushyuhe bwinshi: AHP + submicron ATH (ingano mpuzandengo y’uduce 0.5 μm) kugira ngo bitangire gukoreshwa neza.
• Ibizamini by'ingenzi:
  → LOI (GB/T 2406.2) na UL94 ishyushya ihagaze;
  → Ingufu z'umugozi nyuma yo guhindagurika k'ubushyuhe (-30℃ ~ 100℃, amasaha 200);
  → Imvura igabanya umuriro nyuma yo gusaza vuba (60℃/7day).

Imbonerahamwe y'ikoreshwa ry'ibinyabiziga bitagira umuriro